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Chinese modernization offers insights for development paths, says senior Tajik official_我的网站

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A | 　　对比美国近年在AI领域的大举投入，欧洲相形见绌，甚至有观点认为欧洲错过了此次前沿技术浪潮。在此背景下，机构近日预测，截至明年底的六年内，美国商业投资增速有望达到欧洲的三倍以上。　　商业投资指企业在厂房设施、机器设备以及软件技术等固定资产上所投入的资金。 Chinese modernization, a senior Tajik politician has argued, has charted a path distinct from the Western model -- one that offers valuable experience for developing countries seeking a route to modernization suited to their own conditions. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China has made remarkable achievements in socioeconomic development, improved people's living standards and strengthened its global influence, Maliksho Nematzoda, first deputy chairman of the ruling People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan, told Xinhua in an interview. Nematzoda noted that especially since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, China has comprehensively deepened reform, further advanced the fight against corruption, accelerated the transformation of government functions, carried out strategic economic restructuring, and actively implemented the innovation-driven development strategy. In his view, these measures have laid a solid foundation for the sustained and sound development of the Chinese economy, promoted greater social harmony and stability, and continuously improved people's living standards. "China's experience lies in its commitment to sustainable development, giving priority to infrastructure development, actively expanding mutually beneficial international cooperation, and other aspects," Nematzoda said. The Tajik politician noted that China has been committed to a people-centered development philosophy, paying particular attention to improving people's well-being and enhancing their sense of fulfillment with the achievements of development. He said that this approach has become an important foundation for China's long-term social stability and the sustained improvement of people's living standards, and also provides valuable experience for other countries advancing their modernization. According to Nematzoda, Chinese modernization is not a ready-made model that can simply be transplanted to other countries. "It represents a system of governance principles and practical experience that can be applied flexibly in light of the characteristics of each country. Every country should, on the basis of its own history, culture and national conditions, independently explore a development path suited to its own realities, while maintaining independence and at the same time actively integrating into the global economy," he said. Nematzoda also expressed hope for further strengthening coordination between Tajikistan and China within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the China-Central Asia mechanism, as well as deepening exchanges and mutual learning between the ruling parties of the two countries. He voiced confidence that the development of inter-party exchanges will help strengthen political mutual trust, deepen exchanges of governance experience, inject new impetus into the common development of the two countries, and further consolidate the comprehensive strategic partnership between Tajikistan and China. 。　　媒体近日援引国际预测咨询机构牛津经济研究院（Oxford Economics）预测显示，2021年底至明年年底的六年时间里，美国商业投资预计增长40%，欧元区预计增幅为12%。而德国整体商业投资几乎陷入停滞。注：图为G7各国与Eurozone欧元区实际商业投资指数，其中蓝线为美国，红线为欧元区　　研究院表示，AI设备投入激增，是美国商业投资大幅增长的核心推动力。注：左侧蓝柱代表美“信息处理设备与软件”投资（受AI热潮主导），右侧灰柱代表美“其他所有行业”投资，对应纵轴数据为季度环比增速。　　业内指出，上述数据凸显欧洲面临的现实困境：欧洲难以跟上美国在高科技设备及设施领域的投资扩张步伐。

B | 早在2022年末ChatGPT问世、大语言模型兴起之前，欧洲的信息技术投资规模就已经落后于美国。　　牛津经济研究院数据显示，自前欧洲央行行长马里奥·德拉吉2024年9月发布一份极具里程碑意义的报告后，欧洲在缩小投资差距方面几乎没有取得实质进展。　　德拉吉在报告中警示，数字化、脱碳以及国防开支增加，需要投资规模出现“史无前例”的激增，要达到“上世纪六七十年代的水平”。他指出，所需的投资增量甚至超过二战结束后马歇尔计划带来的投资规模。

C | 　　德拉吉报告发布前欧美投资差距已然存在，报告提出加大投资以缩小差距的方案，但报告出台之后相关举措落地不足，投资缺口并未得到实质性收窄。

D | 　　牛津经济研究院经济学家Daniel Harenberg表示：“美国经济活力更强、创业氛围更浓厚，因此在AI竞赛中进展更快，回报也更高。

E | 欧洲的步伐则要慢得多。”　　欧洲是全球首批出台严格AI监管法律的司法辖区。据欧盟委员会介绍，欧盟2024年出台的《人工智能法案》是全球首套AI法律框架。　　批评人士提出，严苛监管可能抑制创新，打击AI领域投资。

F | 法国总统埃马克龙两年前在演讲中表示：“我们与不断变化的世界脱节了。”他警示欧洲存在“监管过度、投资不足”的问题。　　瑞士宝盛银行首席经济学家Karsten Junius表示：　　“欧洲错过了这一轮前沿技术浪潮。”　　“如果欧洲无法在前沿技术领域追赶上来，欧洲相对美国的生活水平将会持续下滑。”　　生产率鸿沟　　媒体报道称，欧美两大经济体生产率的差距也在持续扩大。　　劳动生产率，指劳动者单位工作时间创造的经济产出，是衡量经济体生产效率的核心指标。　　曼彻斯特大学教授Bartvan Ark在今年夏季的欧洲央行论坛上对欧洲央行政策制定者表示：“美国近期进一步拉开了与欧洲的差距。”　　根据Bartvan Ark的分析，2018-2025年，美国每小时工作创造的国内生产总值增加14美元，而欧洲仅增加2美元。

G | 他补充称：“这一差距并非只存在于数字行业。”美国的领先优势同样体现在批发零售、专业服务等其他行业。　　Bartvan Ark认为，单纯提高投资难以解决欧洲的生产率难题。欧洲更深层的问题在于，不少创新成果，没能真正转化为各行各业企业的实际应用。　　欧洲央行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德去年在演讲中警示，该区域依赖制造业的增长模式，“适配的是一个正在逐步消逝的世界”。（文章来源：财联社）。